The objects, which were found during an archeological dig of the site in 2005, range from a Medieval rowel spur and a Roman dolphin brooch dating back to 40AD.
They have been donated to Immingham Museum by ConocoPhillips, who own the wood.
Until now, the artefacts have been held in storage by North Lincolnshire Museum Service but, from March, they will go on show to the public.
Mayflower Wood was created by ConocoPhillips in partnership with the local community, and features more than 67,500 trees and shrubs.
After the dig took place, the site was spiked to deter metal detectorists and treasure hunters, and the first saplings were planted.
Brian Mummery, honorary curator of Immingham Museum, said: "There have been a lot of good finds, from Roman pottery to Victorian and Medieval materials. There may even be some Anglo Saxon stuff here.
"This collection will show that settlement in this area goes back quite a long time. There was life here well before the docks and the refinery were built."
A spokesperson for ConocoPhillips said: "We wanted the artefacts to come back to the area that they were found in, so that people who live and work here can see a bit of history.
"The objects really get you thinking about what moulded the area into the place it is today, and I'm sure they will add a new dimension to Immingham Museum."
Find out more
For more information on the forthcoming exhibition, contact Immingham Museum on (01469) 577066. For more information about Mayflower Wood, call Nina Krogh Nielsen on (01469) 571571 or visit www.mayflowerwood.co.uk
